{"id":2493,"date":"2017-05-04T08:29:41","date_gmt":"2017-05-04T08:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.caa-lawyers.com\/?p=2493"},"modified":"2018-12-13T11:49:09","modified_gmt":"2018-12-13T11:49:09","slug":"les-differentes-formes-de-testaments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.caa-lawyers.com\/fr\/les-differentes-formes-de-testaments\/","title":{"rendered":"Les diff\u00e9rentes formes de testaments"},"content":{"rendered":"

Toute personne propri\u00e9taire de biens quelconques, et qui ne d\u00e9sire pas que ses biens soient repartis apr\u00e8s sa mort conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi relative \u00e0 la succession, a tout int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 r\u00e9diger un testament.<\/em><\/p>\n

En effet, le testament lui permet de s\u2019assurer que ses intentions et ses d\u00e9sirs soient bien respect\u00e9s apr\u00e8s sa mort.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Il existe en Isra\u00ebl plusieurs formes l\u00e9gales de testament valides :Le testament \u00e9crit (ou olographe), le testament officiel, le testament en pr\u00e9sence de deux t\u00e9moins, et le testament oral.<\/p>\n

Ces quatre formes de testament sont reconnues par le L\u00e9gislateur isra\u00e9lien, mais il est hautement conseill\u00e9 de r\u00e9diger son testament par le biais d\u2019un professionnel ou encore devant l\u2019autorit\u00e9 publique comp\u00e9tente.<\/p>\n

A) Le testament olographe<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019article 19 de la loi relative \u00e0 la succession permet la r\u00e9daction manuscrite d\u2019un testament. Le testateur devra indiquer ses intentions et ce qui sera fait de ses biens apr\u00e8s son d\u00e9c\u00e8s. Ce testament devra \u00eatre r\u00e9dig\u00e9 uniquement de la main du testateur, dat\u00e9 et sign\u00e9. Si l\u2019une de ces mentions fait d\u00e9faut le testament sera annulable.<\/p>\n

Certains affirment que cette forme de testament est \u00ab\u00a0faible\u00a0\u00bb car il manque certains m\u00e9canismes qui sont cens\u00e9s prot\u00e9ger le libre arbitre du testateur d\u2019influences ext\u00e9rieures (comme la pr\u00e9sence de t\u00e9moins).<\/p>\n

B) Le testament \u00e9tabli devant l\u2019autorit\u00e9 publique<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dans le cadre de l\u2019article 22 de la loi relative \u00e0 la succession, il est possible de faire \u00e9tablir son testament devant une des autorit\u00e9s suivantes \u00e0 l\u2019oral ou \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9crit: un juge, le greffe du Tribunal, ou le greffe aux affaires de successions. Il est \u00e9galement possible d\u2019\u00e9tablir le testament devant un membre du Tribunal religieux (Dayan) ou devant un notaire.<\/p>\n

Les paroles du testament dites ou transmises \u00e0 \u00ab l\u2019autorit\u00e9 \u00bb seront report\u00e9es par \u00e9crit et lues au testateur, celui-ci d\u00e9clarera sur l\u2019honneur que ce testament est bien le sien, et l\u2019autorit\u00e9 choisie certifiera sur le testament en le signant que celui-ci a bien \u00e9t\u00e9 lu et que le testateur a bien d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sur l\u2019honneur ce qui y est stipul\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ce type de testament est le plus faible concernant l\u2019authenticit\u00e9 de la volont\u00e9 et du libre arbitre du testateur. Par cons\u00e9quent, la loi exige plusieurs exigences formelles pour renforcer les dires du testateur.<\/p>\n

C) Le testament sign\u00e9 en pr\u00e9sence de deux t\u00e9moins<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019article 20 de la loi relative \u00e0 la succession stipule qu\u2019il est possible de r\u00e9diger un testament devant t\u00e9moins. La loi n\u2019impose aucune forme de r\u00e9daction de ce testament (\u00e9crit \u00e0 la main ou tap\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019ordinateur et imprim\u00e9). Il peut \u00eatre r\u00e9dig\u00e9 dans n\u2019importe quelle langue. La seule condition est qu\u2019il faudra y indiquer la date, et le testament devra \u00eatre sign\u00e9 par le testateur devant ses deux t\u00e9moins apr\u00e8s que le testateur ait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sur l\u2019honneur que ceci est bien son testament. \u00c0 la fin du testament, il faudra rajouter le certificat des t\u00e9moins qui confirment au m\u00eame moment, en signant par eux-m\u00eames le testament, que le testateur a bien d\u00e9clar\u00e9 sur l\u2019honneur et a bien sign\u00e9 le document.<\/p>\n

Cette forme de testament peut \u00eatre r\u00e9dig\u00e9e, soit par tout avocat isra\u00e9lien, soit par le testateur lui-m\u00eame et il doit obligatoirement \u00eatre sign\u00e9 par le testateur, en pr\u00e9sence de deux t\u00e9moins majeurs, sains d\u2019esprit et ne recevant aucun avantage quelconque de la succession.<\/p>\n

D) Le testament oral<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette forme de testament est con\u00e7u pour les personnes tr\u00e8s malades ou ceux qui sont sur le point de mourir.<\/p>\n

Cette forme provient du droit h\u00e9bra\u00efque qui stipule que si le testateur est en bonne sant\u00e9 et dans des conditions normales, son testament doit \u00eatre accompagn\u00e9 d\u2019un document \u00e9crit. Mais lorsque la situation est diff\u00e9rente, testateur tr\u00e8s malade (ne peut se d\u00e9placer, hospitalis\u00e9\u2026) ou lorsqu\u2019il est sur le point de mourir (danger de mort imminent, patient cardiaque qui sent une crise cardiaque \u00e0 venir ou un soldat debout devant une op\u00e9ration militaire tr\u00e8s dangereuse) dans ces cas seulement, le testament oral est valable.<\/p>\n

Dans ces cas-l\u00e0 seulement, la loi impose la pr\u00e9sence de deux t\u00e9moins. Ces m\u00eames t\u00e9moins devront \u00e9crire les dires du testateur, indiquer la date, signer et d\u00e9poser ce testament dans une autorit\u00e9 publique (tribunal) dans les plus brefs d\u00e9lais.<\/p>\n

*** Cet article ne peut \u00eatre assimil\u00e9 \u00e0 une consultation et ne doit \u00eatre entendu que comme une source d\u2019information g\u00e9n\u00e9rale.\u00a0Pour toute information suppl\u00e9mentaire, n\u2019h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 nous contacter, nous serons ravis de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 vos questions.\u00a0***<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Toute personne propri\u00e9taire de biens quelconques, et qui ne d\u00e9sire pas que ses biens soient repartis apr\u00e8s sa mort conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi relative \u00e0 la<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,119],"tags":[17,54],"yoast_head":"\nLes diff\u00e9rentes formes de testaments - Rachel Dadu Cohen - Law Office<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.caa-lawyers.com\/fr\/les-differentes-formes-de-testaments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les diff\u00e9rentes formes de testaments - Rachel Dadu Cohen - Law Office\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Toute personne propri\u00e9taire de biens quelconques, et qui ne d\u00e9sire pas que ses biens soient repartis apr\u00e8s sa mort conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi relative \u00e0 la\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.caa-lawyers.com\/fr\/les-differentes-formes-de-testaments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rachel Dadu Cohen - 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